ENHANCING THE PRE-SERVICE ENGLISH TEACHERS’ CRITICAL THINKING THROUGH QASEE LEARNING MODEL
Abstract
The current dynamics of the role of English at national and international levels need to be taken into substantial consideration in enhancing the pre-service English teachers' critical thinking skills. Some research has been conducted about the critical thinking skill especially in the Indonesian context, but the result still indicated that the critical thinking skills were still not fully empowered by the teacher education programs in Indonesia. Unfortunately, there is still a lack of research related to the strategies for developing the pre-service English teachers' critical thinking in Indonesia. So, in this present study, the writer will adapt a new learning model called QASEE learning model as a teaching technique that can be used to enhance the pre-service English teachers' critical thinking. This study is classified as an experimental study. There were 72 participants from pre-service English teachers. The participants were divided into two classes, experimental class (QASEE class) and control class. The writer collected the data through pre-test and post-test. The data were analyzed by using paired sample t-test through SPSS program. The result has shown that the mean score before the treatment was 64.40 and after the treatment was 75.95 which means there were significant differences before and after being taught by using QASEE learning model on the pre-service English teachers' critical thinking skills. Thus, in this research, the writer concluded that the QASEE learning model can be used as one of the alternative teaching techniques to enhance the pre-service English teachers' critical thinking skills
References
As’ari, A. R., Mahmudi, A., & Nuerlaelah, E. (2017). Our Prospective Mathematic Teachers Are Not Critical Thinkers Yet. Journal on Mathematics Education, 8(2), 145–156. http://dx.doi.org/10.22342/jme.8.2.3961.145-156
Bezanilla, M. J., Fernández-Nogueira, D., Poblete, M., & Galindo-DomÃnguez, H. (2019). Methodologies for teaching-learning critical thinking in higher education: The teacher’s view. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 33(July). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2019.100584
Cansoy, R. & Emin, M. (2017). Examining the Relationship between Pre-Service Teachers ’ Critical Thinking Disposition, Problem Solving Skills and Teacher. International Education Studies, 10(6), 23–35. https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v10n6p23
Çepnİ, S., Ülger, B. B., & Ormancı, Ü. (2017). Pre-Service Science Teachers ’ Views towards the Process of Associating Science Concepts with Everyday Life. Journal of Turkish Science Education, 14(4). https://www.tused.org/index.php/tused/article/view/169
Chen, l. (2017). Understanding Critical thinking in Chinnese Sociocultural Contexts: A Case Study in a Chinnese College. Thinking skillsand Creativity, 140-151.
DeWaelsche, S. A. (2015). Critical thinking, questioning and student engagement in Korean university English courses. Linguistics and Education, 32, 131–147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.linged.2015.10.003
Heard, J., Scoular, C., Duckworth, D., Ramalingam, D., & Teo, I. (n.d.). Critical Thinking: Skill Development Framework.
Hove, G. (2011). Developing Critical Thinking skills in the High School English Classroom. Retrieved June Sunday, 2021, from http://www2.uwstout.edu/content/lib/thesis/2011/2011hoveg.pdf
Johnson. (2011). Contextual Teaching & Learning Menjadikan kegiatan Belajar Mengajar. Bandung: Kaifa.
Kim, K., Sharma, P., Land, S., & Furlong, K. (2013). Effects of Active Learning on Enhancing Student Critical Thinking in an Undergraduate General Science Course. Innovative Higher Education, 223-235.
Kusaeri. (2019). Pedagogical Beliefs about Critical Thinking among Indonesian Mathematics Pre-service Teachers. International Journal of Instruction, 12(1), 573-590. ISSN e-ISSN: 1308-1470, p-ISSN: 1694-609X. http://www.e-iji.net/dosyalar/iji_2019_1_37.pdf
Lamartina, K., & Ward-smith, P. (2014). Developing critical thinking skills in undergraduate nursing students: The potential for strategic management simulations. Journal of Nursing Education and Practice, 4(9). https://doi.org/10.5430/jnep.v4n9p155
Lloyd, M. & Bahr, N. (2010). Thinking Critically about Critical Thinking in Higher Education. International Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning. 4(2). 10.20429/ijsotl.2010.040209.
Mahanal, S. (2019). RICOSRE : A Learning Model to Develop Critical Thinking Skills for Students with Different Academic Abilities. International Journal of Instruction, 12(2), 417–434. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1211048
Marin, L., & Halpern, D. (2011). Pedagogy for Developing Critical Thinking in Adolescents: Explicit Instruction Produces Greatest Gains. Thinking skills and Creativity, 1-13.
Penkauskiene, D., Railiene, A., & Cruz, G. (2019). How is Critical Thinking Valued by the Labor Market? Employer Perspectives from Different European Countries. Studies in Higher Education, 804-815.
Saefi, M., Suwono, H., & Susilo, H. (2017). Biology Students' Teachers' Critical Thinking: An Exploration Study. International Conference on Education (ICE2): Education and Innovation in Science in the Digital Era, 605-612.
Saputri, W., Corebima, A., Susilo, H., & Suwono, H. (2020). QASEE: A Potential Learning model to Improve the Critical Thinking Skills of Pre-Service Teacher's with Different Academic Ability. European Journal of Educational Research, 853-864.
Sari, R., Sumarmi, S., Astina, I., Utomo, D., & Ridhwan, R. (2019). Measuring Students' Scientific LEarning Perception and Critical Thinking Skill Using Paper-Based Testing: School and Gender Differences. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning, 132-149.
Scriven, M. & Paul, R. (1987). Defining Critical Thinking: A Draft Statement for the National Council for Excelence in Critical Thinking. Retrieved June Sunday, 2021, from http://www.criticalthinking.org/pages/defining-critical-thinking/766
Tican, C. & Taspinar, M. (2015). The Effects of reflective Thinking-Based Teaching Activities on Pre-Service Teachers' Reflective Thinking Skills, Critical Thinking Skills, Democratic Attitudes, and Academic Achievement. TheAnthropologist, 111-120.
Vong, S. A., & Kaewurai, W. (2017). Instructional model development to enhance critical thinking and critical thinking teaching ability of trainee students at regional teaching training center in Takeo province, Cambodia. Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences, 38(1), 88–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kjss.2016.05.002
Vygotsky, L. (1978). Portrait of L. S. Vygotsky at age 35.
ŽivkoviĿ, S. (2016). A Model of Critical Thinking as an Important Attribute for Success in the 21st Century. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 232(April), 102–108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.10.034